Our report wasn’t without limitations. During this admission the patient received only one dose of metoclopramide. The attending physician made this decision based on the fact that the first dose didn’t relieve the patient’s symptoms and in previous admissions for gastroparesis but before the CHS diagnosis metoclo-pramide was effective, that this admission her nausea and vomiting were not due to gastroparesis.Another limitation to consider is that the patient had some confounding conditions such as uncontrolled diabetes with her lastA1C being 10.5 and associated gastroparesis. Even with these confounders we believe our patient experienced CHS because none of the typical medications used to treat gastroparesis such as metoclopramide or erythromycin eliminated her symptoms. Water contamination is one of the most persistent issues for public health. Multidrug-resistant bacteria, also known as superbugs, are being found in wastewater treatment plants.

A report by the United Nations, Interagency Coordination Group estimated that by 2030,the antimicrobial-resistant superbugs not only claimed the lives of 10 million people but would also destabilize the global economy . As the demand for fresh drinking water is increasing, nanotechnology is gaining tremendous impetus in the present century to provide safe and affordable drinking water. The goal of the present research is to remove emerging pathogens from water without intensive use of harsh chemicals or the production of toxic byproducts. Nano materials can be synthesized by different techniques such as precipitation, chemical reduction, thermal decomposition,photo chemistry,and microwave-assisted techniques. However, the major limitation for many of these techniques is the usage of strong reducing and stabilizing chemical reagents that pose a serious threat to the environment and human health .In recent years, environmental and health concerns have stimulated researchers to devise novel and biological approaches to synthesizing nano materials using biological systems like microorganisms and plants, known as “green chemistry”, approaches. In our previous efforts, we have shown the formation of size-tunable silver nanoparticles by photochemical reduction of Ag salts in presence of biologically benign polymer media, as another manifestation of “green chemistry”.

The use of parts of the whole plant for nanoparticle synthesis offers exciting and potential advantages with a great capacity for investigation. Silver is one of the most widely used metals due to its inhibitory effect on bacteria and microorganisms by producing reactive oxygen species and thereby damaging the cell organelles.Silver nanoparticles are considered a novel and probable substitute to standard antibiotic drugs as these pathogenic bacteria exhibit an increased multidrug resistance property.Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using the abundant and sustainable plant resources is suitable for accomplishing the great demand for “biocompatible and green-synthesized nanoparticles”,especially for the applications in biomedical and environmental areas. Hydroxyl and carboxyl groups found abundantly in the green plant materials act as a good source of reducing agents in the formation of metal nanoparticles, whereas the strong interaction between biomolecules and nanoparticles contributes to the excellent stability of the AgNPs.Moreover, the presence of phytonutrients in green resources plays an active role as a reducing and stabilizing agent for metal nanoparticles.

Many researchers have reported the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using various natural products, e.g. green tea , leaf broth of Acalypha indica,neemleaf extract Aloe vera leaf extract , starch , and lemongrass leaves extract . Hemp mainly contains cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, and has been widely cultivated in many tropical countries for its fiber content .Hemp has been reported as a good source of food, oil, and fiber. It is also noted as a good source of pharmaceutical ingredient,as it contains various bioactive substances like cannabinoids, terpenes, ketones, fatty acids, and phenolic compounds demonstrated for their antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory,and anticancer properties . Contrasting to the prior work in this field, in the present study, an eco-friendly method for the rapid synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the hemp plant has been developed.No toxic chemicals were used as reducing agents or stabilizing agents during the synthetic protocol. The AgNPs were found to exhibit antibacterial efficacy against selective gram positive and gram-negative bacteria. Two grams of HH were soaked in 100 mL of deionized water and boiled at 60˚Cfor 1 hour. The solution was then filtered. The filtrate, henceforth termed as hemp hurd based carbon extract and was stored at 4˚C to carry out further experiments. Figure 1 showed the changes in physical color both for the concentrated and the diluteHHC solutions. Both Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogenic waterborne bacteria were tested to investigate the antibacterial activity of so formed HHC stabilized AgNPs.